Summary of Knowledge on Construction Baskets

As a common equipment on construction sites, the safety management of hanging baskets is essential. Below is a summary of knowledge about construction baskets for your reference!

1、 Construction plan

The use of the suspended basket must have a special construction plan, and the structure at the support of the suspended basket bracket should undergo bearing capacity verification;

The special construction plan must be reviewed and approved.

Setting requirements:

1. A special construction plan must be prepared for the use of high-altitude work baskets, or the load-bearing capacity of the structure (usually the floor or roof) at the support of the basket bracket must be verified.

2. Before the construction of high-altitude suspended baskets, the technical department of the construction enterprise should organize professional technical personnel from the construction technology, safety, quality and other departments of the unit to conduct an audit. If the audit is approved, it should be signed by the technical leader of the construction enterprise, stamped with the official seal of the unit's legal representative, and reported to the supervision enterprise. The chief supervising engineer of the project should review, sign and stamp with the registration seal of the professional qualification.

2、 Safety device

★ The hanging basket must be equipped with a sensitive and reliable anti fall safety lock

The use of anti fall safety locks should be within the prescribed calibration period

Anti fall safety lock

Setting requirements:

1. The hanging basket used for high-altitude operations must be equipped with effective anti fall safety locks.

2. The calibration validity date of safety locks is generally not more than 12 months.

3. The anti fall rotation of the hanging basket should be calibrated by a legal testing agency before use. During use, the user should regularly test its limitations and reliability.

4. When the suspended platform reaches the speed of the safety lock rope, it can automatically lock the safety rope and stop within a distance of no more than 200mm.

Special safety ropes and safety locks should be installed on the suspended basket, and the safety ropes should be fixed in a reliable position on the building

Safety rope and safety buckle

Setting requirements:

1. A safety buckle is installed on the safety rope for personnel to hang their safety belts, and the safety rope should be separately fixed in a reliable position on the building.

2. The safety rope should be made of nylon and hung as a whole, and should not be extended for use. When the rope is a multi strand rope, the number of strands should not be less than 3, and there should be no loose threads left at the rope end. When approaching welding, cutting, heat sources, etc., the safety rope should be protected, and all components should be smooth, without material or manufacturing defects, sharp corners or edges.

3. The size of the safety rope diameter must be within the range of the safety buckle calibration rope diameter, and the safety buckle must be sensitive and reliable. A safety lock can only be hung by one person.

★ An upper limit device should be installed on the suspended basket, and the limit device should be sensitive and reliable

Upper limit device

Setting requirements: The hanging basket should be equipped with an upper limit device, and it is recommended to install a lower limit device.

3、 Suspension mechanism

The support of the building or structure should be able to bear the full weight of the suspended basket, and the front bracket of the suspension mechanism should not be supported on the daughter wall or eaves edge of the building

★ The extended length of the front beam complies with the product manual specifications

The front bracket is perpendicular to the support surface, and the upper bracket should be fixed at the node where the front bracket adjustment rod is connected to the cantilever beam

Suspension mechanism

Setting requirements:

1. The force exerted by the suspension mechanism on the top surface or structure of the building should meet the load-bearing requirements of the building structure.

2. The extended length of the front beam should comply with the requirements of the product manual.

★ Use specialized and weight compliant counterweights according to design specifications

Setting requirements:

1. The suspension mechanism of the hanging basket or the roof trolley must be equipped with appropriate counterweights and cannot be replaced by sandbags, bricks, or other objects.

2. The weight of the counterweight should meet the requirements of the product manual, and measures should be taken to fix and prevent unauthorized movement by humans.

4、 Steel wire rope

Both the work wire rope and the safety wire rope must not have broken wires, loose strands, hard bends, rust or oil stains attached

The specifications and models of the safety steel wire rope are the same as those of the working steel wire rope, and should be independently suspended

Take corresponding measures to protect the steel wire rope during welding operations

Setting requirements:

1. High strength, galvanized, and flexible steel wire ropes should be selected for the hanging basket. The hanging basket steel wire rope should be selected according to the operating conditions and the breaking force S of the steel wire rope. The selected steel wire rope must meet the requirements of GB 8902 for climbing type; For the winch type, it must comply with the requirements of GB 1102 and must have a product performance certificate.

2. In any case, the actual diameter of the load-bearing steel wire rope should not be less than 6mm.

3. The steel wire rope shall not have defects such as broken wires, loose strands, hard bends, rust, or oil stains.

4. When the actual diameter of the steel wire rope decreases by 7% or more compared to its nominal diameter, even if there are no visible broken wires, the steel wire rope is scrapped.

5. The steel wire rope should be scrapped if it becomes loose due to corrosion and steel loss.

6. Add a safety wire rope of the same model as the one used on the lifting mechanism at the hanging point of the suspended basket platform, and the safety rope should be hung independently.

7. During normal operation, the safety wire rope should be in a suspended state.

8. During welding operations, protective measures should be taken for the hanging basket equipment, steel wire ropes, and cables. Do not place the welding machine inside the basket, and the welding cable must not come into contact with any part of the basket; Welding tongs shall not be hung on the hanging basket. It is strictly prohibited to use a hanging basket for welding wiring circuits.

5、 Installation homework

The assembly length of the hanging basket platform must comply with the product manual and specification requirements;

All accessories of the hanging basket must be products produced by the same manufacturer.

Hanging basket platform

Setting requirements:

1. The width of the small channel inside the suspended basket platform shall not be less than 400mm, and the effective area of the bottom plate shall not be less than 0.25m2 per person.

2. For suspended baskets with a height of 60m or less, it is advisable to use a suspended basket platform with a side length not exceeding 7.5m; For suspension heights of 100m or less, it is advisable to use a suspended basket platform with a side length not exceeding 5.5m; For hanging platforms with a height of over 100m, it is advisable to use a suspended basket platform with a side length not exceeding 2.5m.

6、 Lift function

★ The personnel who operate the basket lifting should be trained and qualified before they can operate it

The number of operators in the basket should not exceed 2, and the total load of people and goods should not exceed the load requirements

During homework, safety belts should be fastened with safety buckles and hung on separate safety ropes

★ Operators should enter and exit the suspended basket from the ground

Setting requirements:

1. The operator of the suspended basket must undergo training and pass the assessment before engaging in suspended basket lifting operations.

2. The number of operators in the basket should not exceed 2, and the total load of people and goods should not exceed the load requirements.

3. The safety belt of the personnel working in the basket should always be hung on an independent dedicated safety rope buckle.

4. When the operators enter and exit the suspended basket, they should enter and exit from the ground. When it is not possible to enter and exit from the ground, the design and construction of the building should consider measures that facilitate the safe installation and use of the suspended basket and the safe entry and exit of the staff.

7、 Disclosure and Acceptance

After the installation of the hanging basket is completed, the acceptance procedure should be carried out, and the acceptance form should be signed and confirmed by the responsible person

The acceptance content should be quantified

Before installation and use, the operators should be briefed and a written record should be kept

★ Check the homework before and after each shift every day

Setting requirements:

1. After the installation of the suspended basket on the construction site, a complete machine inspection should be carried out.

2. After the installation of the hanging basket, the construction unit and the supervision unit shall organize relevant personnel to conduct acceptance inspection. Those that pass the acceptance inspection can only be used after being signed by the project technical leader and the chief supervising engineer of the construction unit.

3. The acceptance content should have specific quantitative data.

4. Before using the suspended basket, a written safety briefing should be given to the operators and a record of the briefing should be kept.

5. The hanging basket must be inspected before and after work every day.

8、 Security protection

★ Protective railings should be installed around the hanging basket platform, and there should be toe boards at the bottom

Hanging basket edge protection

Setting requirements:

1. Fixed safety guardrails are installed around the hanging basket platform, with a working face guardrail height of not less than 800mm and other face heights of not less than 1100mm. The guardrail should be able to withstand a horizontal concentrated load of 1000N.

2. A baffle with a height of not less than 150mm should be installed around the bottom plate of the suspended basket platform, and the gap between the baffle and the bottom plate should not exceed 5mm.

3. During the installation and use of overhead transmission lines using suspended baskets, the safe distance between any part of the basket and the high-voltage transmission line should not be less than 10 meters. If there are high-voltage transmission lines within a range of 10 meters, isolation measures should be taken in accordance with the current industry standard "Technical Code for Safety of Temporary Electrical Use on Construction Sites" JGJ46.

4. Measures should be taken to avoid multi-layer or three-dimensional cross operation during suspended basket operations.

9、 Basket stability

★ Anti swing measures should be taken during basket operation

The steel wire rope should be kept vertical, and the distance between the basket and the structure should not be too large

Setting requirements:

1. The hanging basket should have anti swing measures during use.

2. The suspension basket wire rope should be kept vertical during use, and the longitudinal inclination angle should not exceed 8 degrees.

3. The horizontal distance (gap) between the suspended basket and the building during operation should not be too large (recommended not to exceed 150mm), and wall wheels, guiding devices, or buffering devices should be installed.

10、 Load

The construction load of the suspended basket should meet the requirements of the plan and design

During the construction process, the load should be evenly distributed

Setting requirements:

1. The load requirements of the suspended basket must meet the design requirements, and the stacking of materials and personnel inside the suspended basket should not exceed the regulations.

2. Stacking materials and equipment should not be too concentrated to prevent uneven loading.

3. The rated load capacity and precautions should be prominently marked on the suspended basket.

4. It is prohibited to use suspended baskets as vertical transportation equipment.